How do microplastics affect pesticide risk in honeybees? BBSRC SWBio DTP PhD studentship 2025 Entry Ref: 5340

Supervisors

Lead Supervisor

Dr Bram Kuijper

Additional Supervisors

Professor Chris Bass

Prof Jeremy Field 

Dr Ben Williams, University of the West of England
Dr Freya Radford, University of the West of England
 

Location:  Penryn Campus, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall

Up to 34 fully-funded 4-year PhD studentships* available to start in September 2025, across a wide range of bioscience disciplines.

To view projects available, and how to apply, visit the SWBio DTP website.

* Subject to meeting eligibility requirements. 

The award:

This project is one of a number that are in competition for funding from the South West Biosciences Doctoral Training Partnership (SWBio DTP). 

About:

The BBSRC-funded SWBio DTP involves a partnership of world-renown universities, research institutes and industry, based mainly across the South West and Wales.

This partnership has established international, national and regional scientific networks, and widely recognised research excellence and facilities.

We aim to provide you with outstanding interdisciplinary bioscience research training, underpinned by transformative technologies.

Programme Overview:

You will be recruited to a broad, interdisciplinary project, supported by a multidisciplinary supervisory team, with many cross-institutional projects available. There are also opportunities to:

• apply your research in an industrial setting (DTP CASE studentships).

• undertake research jointly with our core and associate partners (Standard DTP studentships with an associate partner).

• work with other national/international researchers.

• undertake fieldwork.

Our structured training programme will ensure you are well equipped as a bioscience researcher, supporting careers into academia, industry and beyond. 

First year

We provide a broad awareness of the fundamental research approaches in life sciences and how they could be applied to real-life situations through:

• two rotation projects - both allied with but in different disciplinary areas related to the PhD project.
• three taught units - training in Statistics, Bioinformatics, coding, experimental design, innovation and understanding the impact of your research.

Of note: You will need to successfully complete the first year to progress into your second year of studies.  Also, if you are unable to continue your PhD, an MRes exit route is available upon successful completion of the first year.

Second to fourth years

The remaining years will be more like a conventional PhD, where you will focus on your PhD project.

Project Description

Microplastics are persistent pollutants that are present in soils, water and vegetation. Moreover, microplastics have been reported in various animals, including in economically important insects species such as honey bees. A critical feature of microplastics is that they are carriers of pollutants, which has led some to suggest that microplastics could enhance exposure of bees to pesticides, providing a (partial) explanation of the recent loss events of honeybee colonies across the globe.

This project sets out to investigate the interplay between microplastics and pesticide exposure and has the following aims: (i) investigate the impact of different combinations of microplastics and pesticides on bee survival and gut microbiome; and (ii) investigate the long-term consequences of microplastics on bee adaptation to novel pesticides. The project contains a unique mix of experiments using bees, mathematical modelling of the impacts of pesticides and working with NGS sequencing data to understand the interplay of microplastics and pesticide exposure.

All projects in our labs are student-led, so we encourage the student to design their own projects according to their interests.

Potential suggestions for research projects are:

(1) lab experiments in which bees receive (through nectar) different combinations/types of microplastics and pesticide concentrations. Such experiments give critical insight into how different microplastic × pesticide treatments affect key traits central to hive persistence, such as bee (social) behaviour, foraging success and ultimately survival.

(2) Moreover, we could exploit these experimental lines to investigate the biomechanics of microplastics: do microplastics accumulate in bee guts (similar to larger microplastics in vertebrates), or are they again rapidly excreted? In turn, we could use techniques like HPLC to get more insight on how gut microplastics release pesticides over time.

(3) Another promising line of research is to use NGS sequencing to investigate how microplastics affect insect gut microbial communities; while there are some suggestions microplastics can degenerate the bee gut microbiome, properly controlled experiments that compare microbiota before and after microplastic exposure are so far lacking.

(4) Dependent on the interests of the student, they could use mathematical modelling to explore how microplastics influence the evolution of pesticide resistance. Microplastics cause prolonged low-level pesticide exposure, leading to hormesis—where early exposure enhances resistance later. Since evidence on hormesis is mixed, models can help determine the exposure levels that may boost organisms' responses to new pesticides, making them valuable tools for understanding this evolutionary process.

Funding and eligibility

Information about funding and eligibility >>

A limited number of funded-studentships are available for international students.

Supporting Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI)

We support inclusive and flexible work environments, and welcome applications from all backgrounds and communities.

Our SWBio DTP EDI statement >>

How we support our diverse student cohort >>

PhD study adjustments and support >>

DTP virtual support events

We have events available to help you with deciding on a bioscience PhD, and support with applications and interviews.

Further information >>

Entry requirements

Academic criteria

Applicants for a studentship must have obtained, or be about to obtain, a First or Upper Second Class UK Honours degree, or the equivalent qualifications gained outside the UK, in an appropriate area of science or technology. Applicants with a Lower Second Class degree will be considered if they also have a Master’s degree or have significant relevant research or non-academic experience.

In addition, due to the strong mathematical component of the taught course in the first year and the quantitative emphasis in our projects, quantitative/mathematical experience is needed.  This can be demonstrated through one or more of the following:

• Undertaking units as part of your degree that have a significant quantitative/mathematical component*
• Maths or Physics A-level (grade B and above)

*Significant mathematical component examples include; maths, statistics, bioinformatics.

Applicants must ensure they highlight their quantitative/mathematical background within their application and to upload any supporting evidence.

To support accessibility to PhD training opportunities, these studentships are only available to applicants that have not previously obtained or about to obtain a PhD degree (or equivalent).

Language requirements

If your first language is not English, you will need to meet the minimum English requirements for the programme.  Further information about these English requirements >>

We ask that the language requirements are met by 1st June at the latest, to allow adequate time to obtain any necessary documentation to allow you to study in the UK.  Further information about documentation required >>

How to apply

Apply now

Please be aware you will be asked to upload the following documents:

• CV
• Letter of application outlining your academic interests, prior research experience and reasons for wishing to undertake the project.  Please indicate your preferred project choice if applying for multiple BBSRC SWBio DTP projects.
• Personal Statement
• Transcript(s) giving full details of subjects studied and grades/marks obtained.  This should be an interim transcript if you are still studying.
• Two academic referees - see information below about references.
• If you are not a national of a majority English-speaking country you will need to submit evidence of your proficiency in English (see entry requirements above)

The closing date for applications is midnight on Monday, 11 December 2024. 

Interviews will be held between 3-14 February 2025.

Reference Information

You will be asked to submit two references as part of the application process.  If you are not able to upload  your reference documents with your application please ensure you provide details of your referees.  If you provide contact details of referees only, we will not expect receipt of references until after the shortlisting stage. Your referees should not be from the prospective supervisory team.

If you are shortlisted for interview, please ensure that your two academic referees email their references to pgrapplicants@exeter.ac.uk, 7 days prior to the interview dates.  Please note that we will not be contacting referees to request references, you must arrange for them to be submitted to us by the deadline.

References should be submitted by your referees to us directly in the form of a letter. Referees must email their references to us from their institutional email accounts. We cannot accept references from personal/private email accounts, unless it is a scanned document on institutional headed paper and signed by the referee.

If you have any general enquiries about the application process please email pgrapplicants@exeter.ac.uk.

Project-specific queries should be directed to the primary supervisor.

Selection Process:

Information relating to the selection process can be found via the following link https://www.swbio.ac.uk/programme/selection-process/
Please note that nomination by a project supervisor therefore does not guarantee the award of a studentship.

Data Protection

During the application process, the University may need to make certain disclosures of your personal data to third parties to be able to administer your application, carry out interviews and select candidates.  These are not limited to, but may include disclosures to:

•     the selection panel and/or management board or equivalent of the relevant programme,
      which is likely to include staff from one or more other HEIs.
• administrative staff at one or more other HEIs participating in the relevant programme.

Such disclosures will always be kept to the minimum amount of personal data required for the specific purpose. Your sensitive personal data (relating to disability and race/ethnicity) will not be disclosed without your explicit consent.

Summary