Mid-Latitude Weather Systems - 2024 entry

In this module you will develop a mathematical and physical understanding of the dynamics of synoptic scale weather systems in the mid latitudes, including extratropical cyclones and fronts. You will explore conceptual models for the development of these weather systems and compare these with analytical models and observations. You will develop quantitative skills in the analysis of these weather systems, which are relevant to understanding what we see outside, and to making sense of surface and upper-level synoptic charts and weather forecasts. Through quasi-geostrophic theory, concepts of potential vorticity (PV) thinking will be used to understand where we might expect to see vertical motion and rainfall within these systems, and what impact moisture has on the development of systems. You will explore and discuss recent research in the field of midlatitude weather systems, enabling you to develop your critical thinking skills. The module will include a mix of instruction methods, including traditional lectures, videos, discussion classes, giving you varied opportunities to develop learning and organisational skills. You will, with other students, explore some of the research literature related to the mid latitude weather systems and discuss how the theory informs this research.  

 

Pre-requisite module: MTH3001 or MTH051 or equivalent. 

 

By the end of this module you will have an understanding of the origins of synoptic scale motions in the midlatitudes. The skills in being able to link mathematical descriptions of phenomena with observations of the atmosphere will be valuable for anyone with an interest in the weather we experience day-to-day. By examining topical research, you will understand the relevance of the mathematical and conceptual models for generating new knowledge of how the weather and climate system works. Knowledge of the systems discussed in this module will be ideal for careers involving meteorology (including forecasting), climate and environmental science and modelling. By engaging with research literature, you will develop critical analysis skills that will be essential for any scientific career.

 

Module Specific Skills and Knowledge:

 

1. Explain the origin of atmospheric motions in the midlatitudes and use appropriate mathematical and conceptual models to describe these motions and their associated midlatitude weather systems

 

2. Understand the use of observations in developing concepts and forecasting the weather

 

3. Link the theory of midlatitude weather systems to examples of recent research

 

 

Discipline Specific Skills and Knowledge:

 

4. Understand the role of mathematical modelling in real life situations

 

5. Develop expertise in using analytical and numerical techniques to explore mathematical models

 

 

Personal and Key Transferable/ Employment Skills and Knowledge:

 

6. Demonstrate skills in critical analysis of research

 

7. Present findings in poster and written form

 

8. Formulate and solve complex problems 

 

- Introduction to midlatitude weather systems (fronts, cyclones, upper level features)  

 

- Basic midlatitude equations 

 

- Quasi-geostrophic equations 

 

- Potential Vorticity (PV) thinking 

 

- Diagnosing vertical motion (Omega equation)

 

- Rossby waves 

 

- Baroclinic instability (Eady and Charney models) 

 

- Lifecycles of storms (including conceptual models)

 

- Diabatic heating impacts on midlatitude weather systems

 

- Fronts and frontogenesis 

 

- Recent topics in midlatitude dynamics research

 

- Developing a poster presentation on a research paper and how to peer review this